Name

The adjective "old" was introduced after the Napoleonic era with Ancien Régime, retronyms distinguishing the pre-Napoleonic from the restored confederation. During its existence the confederacy was known as Eidgenossenschaft or Eydtgnoschafft ("oath fellowship"), in reference to treaties among cantons; this term was first used in the 1370 Pfaffenbrief. Territories of the confederacy came to be known collectively as Schweiz or Schweizerland (Schwytzerland in contemporary spelling), with the English Switzerland beginning during the mid-16th century. From that time the Confederacy was seen as a single state, also known as the Swiss Republic (Republic der Schweitzer, République des Suisses and Republica Helvetiorum by Josias Simmler in 1576) after the fashion of calling individual urban cantons republics (such as the Republics of Zürich, Berne and Basel).

History

The nucleus of the Old Swiss Confederacy was an alliance among the valley communities of the central Alps to facilitate management of common interests (such as trade) and ensure peace along trade routes through the mountains. The foundation of the Confederacy is marked by the Rütlischwur (dated to 1307 by Aegidius Tschudi) or the 1315 Pact of Brunnen. Since 1889, the Federal Charter of 1291 among the rural communes of Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden has been considered the founding document of the confederacy.^[3]

The initial pact was augmented by pacts with the cities of Lucerne, Zürich, and Berne. This union of rural and urban communes, which enjoyed the status of imperial immediacy within the Holy Roman Empire, was engendered by pressure from Habsburg dukes and kings who had ruled much of the land. In several battles with Habsburg armies, the Swiss were victorious; they conquered the rural areas of Glarus and Zug, which became members of the confederacy.^[3]

From 1353 to 1481, the federation of eight cantons—known in German as the Acht Orte (Eight Cantons)—consolidated its position. The members (especially the cities) enlarged their territory at the expense of local counts—primarily by buying judicial rights, but sometimes by force. The Eidgenossenschaft, as a whole, expanded through military conquest: the Aargau was conquered in 1415 and the Thurgau in 1460. In both cases, the Swiss profited from weakness in the Habsburg dukes. In the south, Uri led a military territorial expansion that (after many setbacks) would by 1515 lead to the conquest of the Ticino. None of these territories became members of the confederacy; they had the status of condominiums (regions administered by several cantons).

At this time, the eight cantons gradually increased their influence on neighbouring cities and regions through additional alliances. Individual cantons concluded pacts with Fribourg, Appenzell, Schaffhausen, the abbot and the city of St. Gallen, Biel, Rottweil, Mulhouse and others. These allies (known as the Zugewandte Orte) became closely associated with the confederacy, but were not accepted as full members.

The Burgundy Wars prompted a further enlargement of the confederacy; Fribourg and Solothurn were accepted in 1481. In the Swabian War against Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I, the Swiss were victorious and exempted from imperial legislation. The associated cities of Basel and Schaffhausen joined the confederacy as a result of that conflict, and Appenzell followed suit in 1513 as the thirteenth member. The federation of thirteen cantons (Dreizehn Orte) constituted the Old Swiss Confederacy until its demise in 1798.

The expansion of the confederacy was stopped by the Swiss defeat in the 1515 Battle of Marignano. Only Berne and Fribourg were still able to conquer the Vaud in 1536; the latter primarily became part of the canton of Berne, with a small portion under the jurisdiction of Fribourg.

The Reformation in Switzerland led to doctrinal division amongst the cantons.^[3] Zürich, Berne, Basel, Schaffhausen and associates Biel, Mulhouse, Neuchâtel, Geneva and the city of St. Gallen became Protestant; other members of the confederation and the Valais remained Catholic. In Glarus, Appenzell, in the Grisons and in most condominiums both religions coexisted; Appenzell split in 1597 into a Catholic Appenzell Inner Rhodes and a Protestant Appenzell Outer Rhodes.

The division led to civil war (the Wars of Kappel) and separate alliances with foreign powers by the Catholic and Protestant factions, but the confederacy as a whole continued to exist. A common foreign policy was blocked, however, by the impasse. During the Thirty Years' War, religious disagreements among the cantons kept the confederacy neutral and spared it from belligerents. At the Peace of Westphalia, the Swiss delegation was granted formal recognition of the confederacy as a state independent of the Holy Roman Empire.

Growing social differences and an increasing absolutism in the city cantons during the Ancien Régime led to local popular revolts. An uprising during the post-war depression after the Thirty Years' War escalated to the Swiss peasant war of 1653 in Lucerne, Berne, Basel, Solothurn and the Aargau. The revolt was put down swiftly by force and with the help of many cantons.

Religious differences were accentuated by a growing economic discrepancy. The Catholic, predominantly rural central-Swiss cantons were surrounded by Protestant cantons with increasingly commercial economies. The politically dominant cantons were Zürich and Berne (both Protestant), but the Catholic cantons were influential since the Second War of Kappel in 1531. A 1655 attempt (led by Zürich) to restructure the federation was blocked by Catholic opposition, which led to the first battle of Villmergen in 1656; the Catholic party won, cementing the status quo. The problems remained unsolved, erupting again in 1712 with the second battle of Villmergen. This time the Protestant cantons won, dominating the confederation. True reform, however, was impossible; the individual interests of the thirteen members were too diverse, and the absolutist cantonal governments resisted all attempts at confederation-wide administration. Foreign policy remained fragmented.

Attempting to gain control of key Alpine passes and establish a buffer against hostile monarchies, France first invaded associates of the Swiss Confederation; part of the bishopric of Basel was absorbed by France in 1793. In 1797, Napoleon annexed the Valtellina (on the border with Graubünden) into the new Cisalpine Republic in northern Italy and invaded the southern remainder of the bishopric of Basel.^[4]^[5]

In 1798 the confederacy was invaded by the French Revolutionary Army at the invitation of the Republican faction in Vaud, led by Frédéric-César de La Harpe. Vaud was under Bernese control, but chafed under a government with a different language and culture. The ideals of the French Revolution found a receptive audience in Vaud, and when Vaud declared itself a republic the French had a pretext to invade the confederation.

The invasion was largely peaceful (since the Swiss people failed to respond to political calls to take up arms), and the collapse of the confederacy was due more to internal strife than external pressure. Only Bern put up an effective resistance, but after its defeat in the March Battle of Grauholz it capitulated. The canton of Bern was divided into the canton of Oberland (with Thun as its capital) and the canton of Léman (with Lausanne as its capital).

The Helvetic Republic was proclaimed on 12 April 1798 as "one and indivisible", abolishing cantonal sovereignty and feudal rights and reducing the cantons to administrative districts. This system was unstable due to widespread opposition, and the Helvetic Republic collapsed as a result of the Stecklikrieg. A federalist compromise solution was attempted, but conflict between the federalist elite and republican subjects persisted until the formation of the federal state in 1848.

Structure

The (Alte) Eidgenossenschaft was initially united not by a single pact, but by overlapping pacts and bilateral treaties between members.^[6] The parties generally agreed to preserve the peace, aid in military endeavours and arbitrate disputes. Slowly, the members began to see the confederation as a unifying entity. In the Pfaffenbrief, a treaty of 1370 among six of the eight members (Glarus and Berne did not participate) forbidding feuds and denying clerical courts jurisdiction over the confederacy, the cantons for the first time used the term Eidgenossenschaft. The first treaty uniting the eight members of the confederacy was the Sempacherbrief of 1393, concluded after victories over the Habsburgs at Sempach in 1386 and Näfels in 1388, which forbade a member from unilaterally beginning a war without the consent of the other cantons. A federal diet, the Tagsatzung, developed during the 15th century.

Pacts and renewals (or modernizations) of earlier alliances reinforced the confederacy. The individual interests of the cantons clashed in the Old Zürich War (1436–1450), caused by territorial conflict among Zürich and the central Swiss cantons over the succession of the Count of Toggenburg. Although Zürich entered an alliance with the Habsburg dukes, it then rejoined the confederacy. The confederation had become so close a political alliance that it no longer tolerated separatist tendencies in its members.

The Tagsatzung was the confederation council, typically meeting several times a year. Each canton delegated two representatives (including the associate states, which had no vote). The canton where the delegates met initially chaired the gathering, but during the 16th century Zürich permanently assumed the chair (Vorort) and Baden became the seat. The Tagsatzung dealt with inter-cantonal affairs and was the court of last resort in disputes between member states, imposing sanctions on dissenting members. It also administered the condominiums; the reeves were delegated for two years, each time by a different canton.^[7]

A unifying treaty of the Old Swiss Confederacy was the Stanser Verkommnis of 1481. Conflicts between rural and urban cantons and disagreements over the bounty of the Burgundian Wars had led to skirmishes. The city-states of Fribourg and Solothurn wanted to join the confederacy, but were distrusted by the central Swiss rural cantons. The compromise by the Tagsatzung in the Stanser Verkommnis restored order and assuaged the rural cantons' complaints, with Fribourg and Solothurn accepted into the confederation. While the treaty restricted freedom of assembly (many skirmishes arose from unauthorised expeditions by soldiers from the Burgundian Wars), it reinforced agreements amongst the cantons in the earlier Sempacherbrief and Pfaffenbrief.

The civil war during the Reformation ended in a stalemate. The Catholic cantons could block council decisions but, due to geographic and economic factors, could not prevail over the Protestant cantons. Both factions began to hold separate councils, still meeting at a common Tagsatzung (although the common council was deadlocked by disagreements between both factions until 1712, when the Protestant cantons gained power after their victory in the second war of Villmergen). The Catholic cantons were excluded from administering the condominiums in the Aargau, the Thurgau and the Rhine valley; in their place, Berne became co-sovereign of these regions.

List of territories

The confederation expanded in several stages: first to the Eight Cantons (Acht Orte), then in 1481 to ten, in 1501 to twelve, and finally to thirteen cantons (Dreizehn Orte).^[8]

Founding cantons (Urkantone): [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Uri-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Uri-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Uri-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Uri-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Uri-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Uri-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Uri-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Uri, founding canton named in the Federal Charter of 1291 [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Schwytz-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Schwytz-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Schwytz-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Schwytz-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Schwytz-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Schwytz-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Schwytz-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Schwyz, founding canton named in the Federal Charter of 1291 [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Wappen_Unterwalden_alt.svg/20px-Wappen_Unterwalden_alt.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Wappen_Unterwalden_alt.svg/30px-Wappen_Unterwalden_alt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Wappen_Unterwalden_alt.svg/40px-Wappen_Unterwalden_alt.svg.png 2x|Wappen Unterwalden alt.svg|h25|w20]] Unterwalden, founding canton named in the Federal Charter of 1291

14th century: expansion to the Achtörtige Eidgenossenschaft following the battles of Morgarten and Laupen: [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lucerne-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Lucerne-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lucerne-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Lucerne-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lucerne-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Lucerne-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Lucerne-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Lucerne, city canton, since 1332 [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Zurich-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Zurich-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Zurich-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Zurich-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Zurich-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Zurich-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Zurich-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Zürich, city canton, since 1351 [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Glaris-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Glaris-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Glaris-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Glaris-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Glaris-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Glaris-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Glaris-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Glarus, rural canton, since 1352 [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Zug-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Zug-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Zug-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Zug-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Zug-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Zug-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Zug-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Zug, city canton, since 1352 [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Berne-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Berne-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Berne-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Berne-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Berne-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Berne-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Berne-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Berne, city canton, since 1353; associate since 1323

15th century: expansion to the Zehnörtige Eidgenossenschaft following the Burgundian Wars: [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Fribourg-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Fribourg-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Fribourg-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Fribourg-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Fribourg-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Fribourg-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Fribourg-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Fribourg, city canton, since 1481; associate since 1454 [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Solothurn-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Solothurn-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Solothurn-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Solothurn-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Solothurn-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Solothurn-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Solothurn-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Solothurn, city canton, since 1481; associate since 1353

16th century: expansion to the Dreizehnörtige Eidgenossenschaft following the Swabian War: [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Bale-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Bale-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Bale-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Bale-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Bale-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Bale-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Bale-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Basel, city canton, since 1501 [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Schaffhouse-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Schaffhouse-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Schaffhouse-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Schaffhouse-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Schaffhouse-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Schaffhouse-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Schaffhouse-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Schaffhausen, city canton, since 1501; associate since 1454 [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/AppenzellRI-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-AppenzellRI-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/AppenzellRI-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-AppenzellRI-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/AppenzellRI-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-AppenzellRI-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|AppenzellRI-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Appenzell, rural canton, since 1513; associate since 1411

Associates (Zugewandte Orte) were close allies of the Old Swiss Confederacy, connected to the union by alliance treaties with all or some of the individual members of the confederacy.

Three of the associates were known as Engere Zugewandte:

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Biel-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Biel-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Biel-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Biel-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Biel-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Biel-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Biel-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Biel – 1344–82 treaties with Fribourg, Berne and Solothurn. Nominally, Biel was subject to the Bishopric of Basel.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Coa_Abbey_Saint_Gall.svg/20px-Coa_Abbey_Saint_Gall.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Coa_Abbey_Saint_Gall.svg/30px-Coa_Abbey_Saint_Gall.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Coa_Abbey_Saint_Gall.svg/40px-Coa_Abbey_Saint_Gall.svg.png 2x|Coa Abbey Saint Gall.svg|h25|w20]] Imperial Abbey of St. Gallen – 1451 treaty with Schwyz, Lucerne, Zürich and Glarus, renewed in 1479 and 1490. The abbey was simultaneously a protectorate.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Coa_stgallen.svg/20px-Coa_stgallen.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Coa_stgallen.svg/30px-Coa_stgallen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Coa_stgallen.svg/40px-Coa_stgallen.svg.png 2x|Coa stgallen.svg|h24|w20]] Imperial City of St. Gallen – 1454 treaty with Schwyz, Lucerne, Zürich, Glarus, Zug and Berne.

Two federations were known as Ewige Mitverbündete:

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Valais-coat_of_arms_old.svg/20px-Valais-coat_of_arms_old.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Valais-coat_of_arms_old.svg/30px-Valais-coat_of_arms_old.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Valais-coat_of_arms_old.svg/40px-Valais-coat_of_arms_old.svg.png 2x|Valais-coat of arms old.svg|h28|w20]] Sieben Zenden, an independent federation in the Valais – Became a Zugewandter Ort in 1416 through an alliance with Uri, Unterwalden and Lucerne, followed by a treaty with Berne in 1446.

Three Leagues were independent federations on the territory of the Grisons and became an associates of the Old Swiss Confederacy in 1497/98 through the events of the Swabian War. The Three Leagues together concluded an alliance pact with Berne in 1602. [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Wappen_Grauer_Bund1.svg/20px-Wappen_Grauer_Bund1.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Wappen_Grauer_Bund1.svg/30px-Wappen_Grauer_Bund1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Wappen_Grauer_Bund1.svg/40px-Wappen_Grauer_Bund1.svg.png 2x|Wappen Grauer Bund1.svg|h25|w20]] Grey League, who had been allied with Glarus, Uri and Obwalden through pacts from 1400, 1407 and 1419, entered an alliance with seven of the old eight cantons (the Acht Orte without Berne) in 1497 [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Wappen_Gotteshausbund.svg/20px-Wappen_Gotteshausbund.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Wappen_Gotteshausbund.svg/30px-Wappen_Gotteshausbund.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Wappen_Gotteshausbund.svg/40px-Wappen_Gotteshausbund.svg.png 2x|Wappen Gotteshausbund.svg|h22|w20]] League of God's House (Gotteshausbund) followed suit a year later. [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Wappen_Zehngerichtebund1.svg/20px-Wappen_Zehngerichtebund1.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Wappen_Zehngerichtebund1.svg/30px-Wappen_Zehngerichtebund1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Wappen_Zehngerichtebund1.svg/40px-Wappen_Zehngerichtebund1.svg.png 2x|Wappen Zehngerichtebund1.svg|h22|w20]] League of the Ten Jurisdictions, the third of the leagues, entered an alliance with Zürich and Glarus in 1590.

There were two Evangelische Zugewandte:

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Wappen_Muelhausen.svg/20px-Wappen_Muelhausen.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Wappen_Muelhausen.svg/30px-Wappen_Muelhausen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Wappen_Muelhausen.svg/40px-Wappen_Muelhausen.svg.png 2x|Wappen Muelhausen.svg|h26|w20]] Imperial City of Mulhouse – Concluded a first treaty with some cantons in 1466 and became an associate in 1515 through a treaty with all 13 members of the Confederacy, remaining so until events of the French Revolutionary Wars in 1797.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Coat_of_Arms_of_Geneva.svg/20px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Geneva.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Coat_of_Arms_of_Geneva.svg/30px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Geneva.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Coat_of_Arms_of_Geneva.svg/40px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Geneva.svg.png 2x|Coat of Arms of Geneva.svg|h25|w20]] Imperial City of Geneva – 1536 treaty with Berne and a 1584 treaty with Zürich and Berne.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Wappen_Neuenburg.svg/20px-Wappen_Neuenburg.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Wappen_Neuenburg.svg/30px-Wappen_Neuenburg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Wappen_Neuenburg.svg/40px-Wappen_Neuenburg.svg.png 2x|Wappen Neuenburg.svg|h25|w20]] County of Neuchâtel – 1406 and 1526 treaties with Berne and Solothurn, 1495 treaty with Fribourg and 1501 treaty with Lucerne.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Wappen_Urseren.svg/20px-Wappen_Urseren.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Wappen_Urseren.svg/30px-Wappen_Urseren.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Wappen_Urseren.svg/40px-Wappen_Urseren.svg.png 2x|Wappen Urseren.svg|h25|w20]] Imperial Valley of Urseren – 1317 treaty with Uri; annexed by Uri in 1410.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Pic_Weggis.png/20px-Pic_Weggis.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Pic_Weggis.png/30px-Pic_Weggis.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Pic_Weggis.png/40px-Pic_Weggis.png 2x|Pic Weggis.png|h24|w20]] Weggis – 1332–1380 by treaties with Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden and Lucerne; annexed by Lucerne in 1480.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Murten-coat_of_arms.png/20px-Murten-coat_of_arms.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Murten-coat_of_arms.png/30px-Murten-coat_of_arms.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Murten-coat_of_arms.png/40px-Murten-coat_of_arms.png 2x|Murten-coat of arms.png|h22|w20]] Murten – from 1353 by treaty with Berne; became a confederal condominium in 1475.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Payerne-blason.jpg/20px-Payerne-blason.jpg|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Payerne-blason.jpg/30px-Payerne-blason.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Payerne-blason.jpg/40px-Payerne-blason.jpg 2x|Payerne-blason.jpg|h25|w20]] Payerne – from 1353 by treaty with Berne; annexed by Berne in 1536.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Stemma_Bellinzona.svg/20px-Stemma_Bellinzona.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Stemma_Bellinzona.svg/30px-Stemma_Bellinzona.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Stemma_Bellinzona.svg/40px-Stemma_Bellinzona.svg.png 2x|Stemma Bellinzona.svg|h24|w20]] Vogtei of Bellinzona – from 1407 by treaty with Uri and Obwalden; became a confederal condominium from 1419–22.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wappen_Grafschaft_Sargans.svg/20px-Wappen_Grafschaft_Sargans.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wappen_Grafschaft_Sargans.svg/30px-Wappen_Grafschaft_Sargans.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wappen_Grafschaft_Sargans.svg/40px-Wappen_Grafschaft_Sargans.svg.png 2x|Wappen Grafschaft Sargans.svg|h25|w20]] County of Sargans – from 1437 by treaty with Glarus and Schwyz; became a confederal condominium in 1483.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Wappen_Sax.svg/20px-Wappen_Sax.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Wappen_Sax.svg/30px-Wappen_Sax.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Wappen_Sax.svg/40px-Wappen_Sax.svg.png 2x|Wappen Sax.svg|h25|w20]] Barony of Sax-Forstegg – from 1458 by treaty with Zürich; annexed by Zürich in 1615

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Offizielles_Wappen_von_Stein_am_Rhein.png/20px-Offizielles_Wappen_von_Stein_am_Rhein.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Offizielles_Wappen_von_Stein_am_Rhein.png/30px-Offizielles_Wappen_von_Stein_am_Rhein.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Offizielles_Wappen_von_Stein_am_Rhein.png/40px-Offizielles_Wappen_von_Stein_am_Rhein.png 2x|Offizielles Wappen von Stein am Rhein.png|h23|w20]] Stein am Rhein – from 1459 by treaty with Zürich and Schaffhausen; annexed by Zürich in 1484.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Greyerzbezirk-Wappen.png/20px-Greyerzbezirk-Wappen.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Greyerzbezirk-Wappen.png/30px-Greyerzbezirk-Wappen.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Greyerzbezirk-Wappen.png/40px-Greyerzbezirk-Wappen.png 2x|Greyerzbezirk-Wappen.png|h22|w20]] County of Gruyère – had been allied with Fribourg and Berne since the early 14th century, becoming a full associate of the Confederation in 1548. When the counts fell bankrupt in 1555, the country was partitioned in twain:^[9] Lower Gruyère – from 1475 by treaty with Fribourg Upper Gruyère – from 1403 by treaty with Berne; annexed by Berne in 1555: [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Saanen-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Saanen-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Saanen-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Saanen-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Saanen-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Saanen-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Saanen-coat of arms.svg|h23|w20]] Imperial Valley of Saanen [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chateau-dOex-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Chateau-dOex-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chateau-dOex-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Chateau-dOex-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chateau-dOex-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Chateau-dOex-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Chateau-dOex-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Imperial Valley of Château-d'Œx

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Wappen_Werdenberger1.svg/20px-Wappen_Werdenberger1.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Wappen_Werdenberger1.svg/30px-Wappen_Werdenberger1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Wappen_Werdenberger1.svg/40px-Wappen_Werdenberger1.svg.png 2x|Wappen Werdenberger1.svg|h28|w20]] County of Werdenberg – from 1493 by treaty with Lucerne; annexed by Glarus in 1517.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Wappen_Rottweil.svg/20px-Wappen_Rottweil.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Wappen_Rottweil.svg/30px-Wappen_Rottweil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Wappen_Rottweil.svg/40px-Wappen_Rottweil.svg.png 2x|Wappen Rottweil.svg|h22|w20]] Imperial City of Rottweil – from 1519–1632 through a treaty with all 13 members; a first treaty on military cooperation had already been concluded in 1463. In 1632, the treaty was renewed with Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden, Zug, Solothurn and Fribourg.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wappen_Bistum_Basel.svg/20px-Wappen_Bistum_Basel.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wappen_Bistum_Basel.svg/30px-Wappen_Bistum_Basel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wappen_Bistum_Basel.svg/40px-Wappen_Bistum_Basel.svg.png 2x|Wappen Bistum Basel.svg|h25|w20]] Bishopric of Basel – 1579–1735 by treaty with Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden, Zug, Solothurn and Fribourg.

Condominiums (German: Gemeine Herrschaften) were common subject territories under the administration of several cantons. They were governed by reeves (Vögte) delegated for two years, each time from another of the responsible cantons. Berne initially did not participate in the administration of some of the eastern condominiums, as it had no part in their conquest and its interests were focused more on the western border. In 1712, Berne replaced the Catholic cantons in the administration of the Freie Ämter ("Free Districts"), the Thurgau, the Rhine valley, and Sargans, and furthermore the Catholic cantons were excluded from the administration of the County of Baden.^[6]

The "German bailiwicks" (German: Deutsche Gemeine Vogteien, Gemeine Herrschaften) were generally governed by the Acht Orte apart from Berne until 1712, when Bern joined the sovereign powers:

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Freiamt_blason.png/20px-Freiamt_blason.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Freiamt_blason.png/30px-Freiamt_blason.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Freiamt_blason.png/40px-Freiamt_blason.png 2x|Freiamt blason.png|h22|w20]] Freie Ämter – conquered 1415 and partitioned in 1712: Upper Freiamt was governed by the Acht Orte; Lower Freiamt was governed by Zürich, Bern and Glarus alone.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Coat_of_arms_of_Baden_AG.svg/20px-Coat_of_arms_of_Baden_AG.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Coat_of_arms_of_Baden_AG.svg/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_Baden_AG.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Coat_of_arms_of_Baden_AG.svg/40px-Coat_of_arms_of_Baden_AG.svg.png 2x|Coat of arms of Baden AG.svg|h23|w20]] County of Baden – conquered 1415; from 1712 governed by Zürich, Bern and Glarus.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wappen_Grafschaft_Sargans.svg/20px-Wappen_Grafschaft_Sargans.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wappen_Grafschaft_Sargans.svg/30px-Wappen_Grafschaft_Sargans.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wappen_Grafschaft_Sargans.svg/40px-Wappen_Grafschaft_Sargans.svg.png 2x|Wappen Grafschaft Sargans.svg|h25|w20]] County of Sargans – from 1460/83

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Wappen_Vogtei_Thurgau.svg/20px-Wappen_Vogtei_Thurgau.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Wappen_Vogtei_Thurgau.svg/30px-Wappen_Vogtei_Thurgau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Wappen_Vogtei_Thurgau.svg/40px-Wappen_Vogtei_Thurgau.svg.png 2x|Wappen Vogtei Thurgau.svg|h25|w20]] Landgraviate of Thurgau – from 1460

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Wappen_Vogtei_Rheintal.svg/20px-Wappen_Vogtei_Rheintal.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Wappen_Vogtei_Rheintal.svg/30px-Wappen_Vogtei_Rheintal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Wappen_Vogtei_Rheintal.svg/40px-Wappen_Vogtei_Rheintal.svg.png 2x|Wappen Vogtei Rheintal.svg|h22|w20]] Vogtei of Rheintal – from 1490, Acht Orte minus Bern, plus the Imperial Abbey of St Gall. Appenzell added in 1500; Berne added in 1712.

Several bailiwicks (Vogteien) were generally referred to as "transmontane bailiwicks" (German: Ennetbergische Vogteien, Italian: Baliaggi Ultramontani). In 1440, Uri conquered the Leventina Valley from the Visconti, dukes of Milan. Some of this territory had previously been annexed between 1403 and 1422. Further territories were acquired in 1500; see History of Ticino for further details.

Three bailiwicks, all now in the Ticino, were condominiums of the Forest cantons of Uri, Schwyz and Nidwalden:

Vogtei of Blenio – 1477–80 and from 1495

Vogtei of Rivera – 1403–22 and from 1495

Vogtei of Bellinzona – from 1500

Four other Ticinese bailiwicks were condominiums of the Zwölf Orte (the original 13 cantons, minus Appenzell) from 1512:

Landvogtei of Valmaggia

Landvogtei of Lugano

Landvogtei of Locarno

Landvogtei of Mendrisio

Another three bailiwicks were condominiums of the Zwölf Orte from 1512, but were lost from the Confederacy three years later and are all now comuni of Lombardy:

Travaglia

Cuvio

Eschental (now Ossola)

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Wappen_Grasburg.svg/20px-Wappen_Grasburg.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Wappen_Grasburg.svg/30px-Wappen_Grasburg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Wappen_Grasburg.svg/40px-Wappen_Grasburg.svg.png 2x|Wappen Grasburg.svg|h25|w20]] County of Grasburg / Schwarzenburg – from 1423

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Murten-coat_of_arms.png/20px-Murten-coat_of_arms.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Murten-coat_of_arms.png/30px-Murten-coat_of_arms.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Murten-coat_of_arms.png/40px-Murten-coat_of_arms.png 2x|Murten-coat of arms.png|h22|w20]] Murten – from 1475

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Wappen_Vogtei_Grandson.svg/20px-Wappen_Vogtei_Grandson.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Wappen_Vogtei_Grandson.svg/30px-Wappen_Vogtei_Grandson.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Wappen_Vogtei_Grandson.svg/40px-Wappen_Vogtei_Grandson.svg.png 2x|Wappen Vogtei Grandson.svg|h25|w20]] Grandson – from 1475

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Wappen_Orbe.svg/20px-Wappen_Orbe.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Wappen_Orbe.svg/30px-Wappen_Orbe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Wappen_Orbe.svg/40px-Wappen_Orbe.svg.png 2x|Wappen Orbe.svg|h25|w20]] Orbe and Echallens – from 1475

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Wappen_Uznach.svg/20px-Wappen_Uznach.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Wappen_Uznach.svg/30px-Wappen_Uznach.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Wappen_Uznach.svg/40px-Wappen_Uznach.svg.png 2x|Wappen Uznach.svg|h25|w20]] Uznach – from 1437

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wappen_Vogtei_Windegg.svg/20px-Wappen_Vogtei_Windegg.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wappen_Vogtei_Windegg.svg/30px-Wappen_Vogtei_Windegg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wappen_Vogtei_Windegg.svg/40px-Wappen_Vogtei_Windegg.svg.png 2x|Wappen Vogtei Windegg.svg|h25|w20]], Windegg / Gaster – from 1438

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Wappen_Gams.png/20px-Wappen_Gams.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Wappen_Gams.png/30px-Wappen_Gams.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Wappen_Gams.png/40px-Wappen_Gams.png 2x|Wappen Gams.png|h23|w20]] Hohensax / Gams – from 1497

Lordship of Tessenberg – from 1388, condominium between Berne and Bishopric of Basel

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wappen_Bellelay.svg/20px-Wappen_Bellelay.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wappen_Bellelay.svg/30px-Wappen_Bellelay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wappen_Bellelay.svg/40px-Wappen_Bellelay.svg.png 2x|Wappen Bellelay.svg|h25|w20]] Bellelay Abbey – protectorate of Bern, Biel and Solothurn from 1414; nominally under the jurisdiction of the Bishopric of Basel

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Einsiedeln-Abbey-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Einsiedeln-Abbey-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Einsiedeln-Abbey-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Einsiedeln-Abbey-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Einsiedeln-Abbey-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Einsiedeln-Abbey-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Einsiedeln-Abbey-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Einsiedeln Abbey – protectorate of Schwyz from 1357

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Engelberg-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Engelberg-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Engelberg-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Engelberg-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Engelberg-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Engelberg-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Engelberg-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Engelberg Abbey – protectorate of Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden from 1425

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Saint_Imier-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Saint_Imier-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Saint_Imier-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Saint_Imier-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Saint_Imier-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Saint_Imier-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Saint Imier-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Erguel – protectorate of Biel/Bienne under military jurisdiction from 1335; also subject to the Bishopric of Basel

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Coa_Abbey_Saint_Gall.svg/20px-Coa_Abbey_Saint_Gall.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Coa_Abbey_Saint_Gall.svg/30px-Coa_Abbey_Saint_Gall.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Coa_Abbey_Saint_Gall.svg/40px-Coa_Abbey_Saint_Gall.svg.png 2x|Coa Abbey Saint Gall.svg|h25|w20]] Imperial Abbey of St. Gallen – protectorate of Schwyz, Lucerne, Zürich and Glarus from 1451; the abbey was simultaneously a Zugewandter Ort.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Wappen_Gersau.svg/20px-Wappen_Gersau.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Wappen_Gersau.svg/30px-Wappen_Gersau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Wappen_Gersau.svg/40px-Wappen_Gersau.svg.png 2x|Wappen Gersau.svg|h24|w20]] Republic of Gersau, an independent village – allied with Schwyz since 1332; Lucerne, Uri and Unterwalden were also protecting powers.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Moutier-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Moutier-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Moutier-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Moutier-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Moutier-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Moutier-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Moutier-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Moutier-Grandval Abbey – protectorate of Berne from 1486; the abbey was also subject to the Bishopric of Basel and, until 1797, the Holy Roman Empire

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/La_Neuveville-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-La_Neuveville-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/La_Neuveville-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-La_Neuveville-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/La_Neuveville-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-La_Neuveville-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|La Neuveville-coat of arms.svg|h24|w20]] La Neuveville – protectorate of Berne from 1388; also subject to the Bishopric of Basel.

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Wappen_Pfaefers.png/20px-Wappen_Pfaefers.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Wappen_Pfaefers.png/30px-Wappen_Pfaefers.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Wappen_Pfaefers.png/40px-Wappen_Pfaefers.png 2x|Wappen Pfaefers.png|h24|w20]] Pfäfers Abbey – protectorate of the Acht Orte minus Berne from 1460; annexed to the County of Sargans in 1483

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Rapperswil_CoA.svg/20px-Rapperswil_CoA.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Rapperswil_CoA.svg/30px-Rapperswil_CoA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Rapperswil_CoA.svg/40px-Rapperswil_CoA.svg.png 2x|Rapperswil CoA.svg|h25|w20]] Rapperswil – protectorate of Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden and Glarus from 1464; of Zürich, Berne and Glarus from 1712

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Wappen_Toggenburger2.svg/20px-Wappen_Toggenburger2.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Wappen_Toggenburger2.svg/30px-Wappen_Toggenburger2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Wappen_Toggenburger2.svg/40px-Wappen_Toggenburger2.svg.png 2x|Wappen Toggenburger2.svg|h25|w20]] County of Toggenburg – protectorate of Schwyz and Glarus from 1436; of Zürich and Berne from 1718. The county was simultaneously subject to St Gallen Abbey.

Some territories were separate subjects of cantons or associates, Einzelörtische Untertanen von Länderorten und Zugewandten:

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Faido-coat_of_arms.svg/20px-Faido-coat_of_arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Faido-coat_of_arms.svg/30px-Faido-coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Faido-coat_of_arms.svg/40px-Faido-coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x|Faido-coat of arms.svg|h25|w20]] Valley of Leventina (1403, 1439)

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Wappen_Urseren.svg/20px-Wappen_Urseren.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Wappen_Urseren.svg/30px-Wappen_Urseren.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Wappen_Urseren.svg/40px-Wappen_Urseren.svg.png 2x|Wappen Urseren.svg|h25|w20]] Valley of Urseren (1440)

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Wappen_kuessnacht.png/20px-Wappen_kuessnacht.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Wappen_kuessnacht.png/30px-Wappen_kuessnacht.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Wappen_kuessnacht.png/40px-Wappen_kuessnacht.png 2x|Wappen kuessnacht.png|h24|w20]] Küssnacht (1402)

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Wappen_einsiedeln.png/20px-Wappen_einsiedeln.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Wappen_einsiedeln.png/30px-Wappen_einsiedeln.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Wappen_einsiedeln.png/40px-Wappen_einsiedeln.png 2x|Wappen einsiedeln.png|h24|w20]] Einsiedeln Abbey (1397 / 1424)

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/March.gif/20px-March.gif|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/March.gif/30px-March.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/March.gif/40px-March.gif 2x|March.gif|h24|w20]] March (1405 / 36)

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Hoefe.gif/20px-Hoefe.gif|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Hoefe.gif/30px-Hoefe.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Hoefe.gif/40px-Hoefe.gif 2x|Hoefe.gif|h24|w20]] Höfe (1440)

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Wappen_Werdenberger1.svg/20px-Wappen_Werdenberger1.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Wappen_Werdenberger1.svg/30px-Wappen_Werdenberger1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Wappen_Werdenberger1.svg/40px-Wappen_Werdenberger1.svg.png 2x|Wappen Werdenberger1.svg|h28|w20]] County of Werdenberg (1485 / 1517); annexed to Lucerne in 1485; to Glarus in 1517

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Wappen_St_Maurice.svg/20px-Wappen_St_Maurice.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Wappen_St_Maurice.svg/30px-Wappen_St_Maurice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Wappen_St_Maurice.svg/40px-Wappen_St_Maurice.svg.png 2x|Wappen St Maurice.svg|h26|w20]] St-Maurice (1475 / 77)

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Monthey_VS.png/20px-Monthey_VS.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Monthey_VS.png/30px-Monthey_VS.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Monthey_VS.png/40px-Monthey_VS.png 2x|Monthey VS.png|h23|w20]] Monthey (1536)

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Nendaz-armoiries.svg/20px-Nendaz-armoiries.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Nendaz-armoiries.svg/30px-Nendaz-armoiries.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Nendaz-armoiries.svg/40px-Nendaz-armoiries.svg.png 2x|Nendaz-armoiries.svg|h25|w20]] Nendaz-Hérémence (1475 / 77)

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Port-Valais_Coat_of_Arms.svg/20px-Port-Valais_Coat_of_Arms.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Port-Valais_Coat_of_Arms.svg/30px-Port-Valais_Coat_of_Arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Port-Valais_Coat_of_Arms.svg/40px-Port-Valais_Coat_of_Arms.svg.png 2x|Port-Valais Coat of Arms.svg|h24|w20]] Port Valais/Vionnaz

Lötschental (15th century); the five upper Zenden

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Bormio-Stemma.png/20px-Bormio-Stemma.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Bormio-Stemma.png/30px-Bormio-Stemma.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Bormio-Stemma.png/40px-Bormio-Stemma.png 2x|Bormio-Stemma.png|h23|w20]] Bormio (1512)

Chiavenna (1512)

Valtellina (1512)

Drei Pleven (1512–26)

[[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Maienfeld_wappen.svg/20px-Maienfeld_wappen.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Maienfeld_wappen.svg/30px-Maienfeld_wappen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Maienfeld_wappen.svg/40px-Maienfeld_wappen.svg.png 2x|Maienfeld wappen.svg|h22|w20]] Maienfeld (Bündner Herrschaft) (1509–1790); simultaneously a member of the League of the Ten Jurisdictions.

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