Ralph Erskine may refer to:

Ralph Erskine (18 March 1685 – 6 November 1752) was a Scottish churchman.

Ralph Erskine Cleland (20 October 1892 – 11 June 1971) was an American botanist. In 1947, he was the President of the Botanical Society of America. He was also a professor at the Department of Botany at Indiana University. Cleland's most seminal field of research concerned the genetics of the plant genus Oenothera . He discovered the structures of linked rings of meiotic chromosomes (not to be confused with ring chromosomes ) that, by their interference with functions such as chromosomal crossover explained the unusual genetics and reproduction of plants in the genus Oenothera.

Ralph (pronounced /rælf/ RALF; or, more rarely, /reɪf/ RAYF, ) is an English, Irish, Scottish, Dutch, Scandinavian, and German masculine given name, derived from the Old Norse Raðulfr (rað "counsel" and ulfr "wolf") through Old English Rædwulf and the longer form Radulf. It is also a surname and often a nickname of Rudolph.